Reasoning Configuration of the TafsÄ«r al-MaqÄá¹£idÄ«: The Approach of Interpretation Systems
Abstract
This article discusses the concept of maqÄá¹£id al-sharÄ«Ê»ah (the goal of sharia) as a basis of the interpretation of the Qur'an. The points to be discussed are focused on two lines, namely the paradigm of tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ« (the goal interpretation) and the configuration of the reason of tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ«. The approach used is the hermeneutic approach within the framework of the structure of the interpretation system. It is by using the approach and the analysis, this article draws conclusions to the three lines of the understanding on the tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ«: (1) The paradigm of tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ« is the perspective toward the Qur'an and its interpretation along with the concept of maqÄá¹£id al-sharÄ«Ê»ah as the starting point, working with the emphasis on the harmonization between the text and the spirit of justice as has been conceptualized in the theory of maqÄá¹£id al-sharÄ«Ê»ah. Thus, tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ« emphasizes logical reasoning for the public benefit to be more powerful than the text reasoning. (2) Hermeneutical reasoning of tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ« is supported by three pillars of awareness: the historical, theoretical, and practical awareness. The three pillars are then actualized in the step of interpretation covering: contextualization, decontextualization, and ends with a re-contextualization. (3) As a system of interpretation, tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ« passes the way of interpretation through the rules of linguistic, the analysis of hermeneutics and the analysis of public benefit (maá¹£laḥah).
Keywords
MaqÄá¹£id al-sharÄ«Ê»ah, hermeneutics, interpretation system, tafsÄ«r al-maqÄá¹£idÄ«.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, Amin “Paradigma Alternatif Pengembangan Ushul Fiqh dan Dampaknya pada Fiqh Kontemporerâ€, dalam Syamsul Anwar (Ed.), Mazhab Jogja: Menggagas Paradigma Ushul Fiqh Kontemporer, Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruz Media, 2002.
Abdullah, Amin. “Metode Kontemporer dalam Kajian al-Qur’an, Ketersalingkaitan Asbab Nuzul Qadim dan Asbab Nuzul al-Jadidâ€, Makalah Konferensi Studi Qur’an, UIN Sunan Kalijaga , 25 Februari 2012.
Abdullah, Amin “Al-Ta’wil Al-‘Ilmi: Kearah Paradigma Penafsiran Kitab Suciâ€, dalam jurnal al-Ja>mi’ah. Vol. 39, No. 2. Juli-Desember, 2001
Abou el-Fadl, Khaled M. Atas Nama Tuhan : Dari Fiqh Otoriter Ke Fiqih Otoritatif, terj: Cecep Lukman Yasin, Jakarta: PT Serambi Ilmu Semesta, 2004
Abu> Zayd, Nas}r H}a>mid. an-Nas}s}, al-Sult}a>n, al-H}aqi>qah, Beirut: al-Markaz al-S|aqafi> al-‘Arabi>, 1977.
Abu> Zayd,Nas}r Ha>mid. Naqd al-Khitha>b ad-Di>ni>, cet. ke-2, Mesir: Si>na Li an-Nasyr, 1994).
al-Sya>t}ibî>, Abu> Isha>q. al-Muwa>faqa>t fi> Us}u>l asy-Syari>’ah, (Mesir: Must}afa> Muhammad, t.t.) Jilid I
al-Sya>t}ibî>, Abu> Isha>q. al-Muwa>faqa>t fi> Us}u>l asy-Syari>’ah, (Mesir: Must}afa> Muhammad, t.t.) Jilid II
Auda, Jasser. Maqasid Syari’ah; a Beginer Guide, London: The Internatonal Institute of Islamic Thought, 2008.
Auda, Jasser. Maqasid al-Shari’ah as Philosophy of Islamic Law; a System Approach, London, The International Institute of Islamic Thought, 2008.
az-Z|ah}abi>, Muh}ammad H{usein, at-Tafsi>r wa al-Mufassiru>n, Cairo: Maktabah Wahbah, t.t.
Bauer, Karen. Introduction to Aims Method and Context of Qur’anic Exegesis 2,8,9-15th Centuries, Artikel dipresentasikan dalam acara Conference di Institute of Ismaili Studies bulan Oktober 2009
Faiz, Fakhruddin. Hermeneutika al-Qur'an, Yogyakarta: al-Qalam, 2002.
Fatawi, M. Faisol, Tafsir Sosiolinguistik: Memahami Hurf Muqata’ah Dalam al-Qur’an, Malang: UIN Malang Press, 2009.
Farouki ,Suha Taji- (ed.), Modern Muslim Intellectuals an the Qur’a>n, London: Oxford University Press, t.th.
Fudge, Bruce. Qur’anic Exegesin In Medieval Islam and Modern Orientalism, Leiden: Koninklijke Brill NV, 2006.
Ghazali, Abdul Muqsith. "Merancang (Kaidah) Ushul Fikih Alternatif." dalam Kamaruddin Hidayat dan Ahmad Gaus AF (ed.), Negara dan Civil Society Gerakan dan Pemikiran Islam Kontemporer, Jakarta: Paramadina, 2005.
Hanafi, Hasan. Islamologi I: Dari Teologi Statis ke Anarkis, terj. Miftah Faqih, Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2003
Kamali, Mohammad Hashim “Maqasid al-Shari’ah Made Simpleâ€, dalam Jurnal Islamic Studies Vol. 38 (1999).
Lukman, Fadhli “Asma’ al-Qur’an Sebagai Self-Identity al-Qur’anâ€, Tesis UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2015.
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Stucture of Scientific Revolutions, Chicago: TheUniversity of Chicago Press, 1970.
Manheim, Karl. Ideologi dan Utopia: Sebuah Pengantar Sosiologi Pengetahuan, terj. F. Budi Hardiman, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1991.
Mu’ammar, M. Arfan. “Islam Progresif dan ijtihad Progresif: Membaca Gagasan Abdullah Saeedâ€, dalam M. Arfan Mu’ammar (dkk.), Studi Islam Persfektif Insider/Outsider, Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD, 2013.
Mustaqim, Abdul. Epistemologi Tafsir Kontemporer, Yogyakarta: Lkis, 2010.
Nugroho, Anjar. “Fikih Kiri: Revitalisasi Ushul Fiqh Untuk Revolusi Sosialâ€, dalam jurnal Al-Ja >mi‘ah, Vol. 43, No. 2, 2005.
Palmer, Richard E. Hermeneutika, Teori Baru Mengenai Interpretasi, Terj. Musnur Hery, Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2003.
Peter L. Berger dan Thomas Luckmann, Tafsir Sosial Atas Kenyataan: Risalah Tentang Sosiologi Pengetahuan, terj. Hasan Basari, Jakarta: LP3ES, 1990.
Saenong, Ilham B. Hermeneutika Pembebasan Hasan Hanafi: Metodologi Tafsir al-Qur'an Menurut Hasan Hanafi, Bandung: Mizan, 2002.
Saeed, Abdullah. Interpreting the Qur'an: Toward a Contemporary Approach, London: Rouledge, 2006.
Saeed, Abdullah. Islamic Thought : An Introduction, Londo: Routledge, 2006
Salahuddin, Muhammad. “Menuju Hukum Islam Yang Inklusif-Humanistis: Analisis Pemikiran Jasser Auda Tentang Maqasīd al-Sharī’ah†dalam Ulumuna, Jurnal Studi Keislaman, Volume 16 Nomor 1 (Juni) 2012
Shofan, Moh. Jalan Ketiga Pemikiran Islam; Mencari Solusi Perdebatan Antara Tradisionalisme dan Liberalisme, Jakarta: IRCiSod, 2006.
Soroush, Abdul Karim. Menggugat Otoritas dan Tradisi Agama, terj. Abdullah Ali. Bandung: Mizan, 2002.
Sumaryono, Hermeneutik, Sebuah Metode Filsafat, Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 1999.
Syah}ru>r, Muh}ammad al-Kita>b wa al-Qur’a>n: Qira’ah al-Mu’a>s}irah, Damascus: Da>r al-Ahalli, 1991.
Syah}ru>r, Muh{ammad. “The Divine Text and Pluralism in Moslem Societiesâ€, terj. Muh{ammad Zaki Hussein dalam Sahiron Syamsuddin (dkk.), Hermeneutika al-Qur’an Madzhab Yogya, Yogyakarta: Islamika dan Forstudia, 2003.
Tim Penyususn, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa Pendidikan Nasional, 2008
Ulil Absor-Abdalla (dkk.), Metodologi Studi Al-Qur’an, Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2009
Umar, M. Hasbi. Nalar Fiqh Kontemporer, Jakarta: GP Press, 2007.
Wahyudi, Yudian. Ushul Fikih versus Hermeneutika: Membaca Islam dari Kanada dan Amerika, Yogyakarta: Pesantren Nawesia Press, 2006.
Wijaya, Aksin. Teori Interpretasi Al-Qur’an Ibnu Rusyd: Kritik Ideologis-Hermeneutis, Yogyakarta: Lkis, 2009
Yubsir “Maqashid Al-Syari’ah Sebagai Metode Interpretasi Teks Hukum: Telaah Filsafat Hukum Islam†dalam Jurnal al-‘Ada>lah Vol. XI, No. 2 Juli 2013.
© Copyright CC BY-SA
